Title 7 Natural Resources and Environmental Control
1124 Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
10.0 Aerospace Coatings
02/11/2003
10.1 Applicability
10.1.1 Except as provided for in 10.1.2 and 10.1.3 of this regulation, 10.0 of this regulation applies to any owner or operator of any aerospace manufacturing or rework facility that conducts any of the following operation or operations:
10.1.1.1 hand-wipe cleaning;
10.1.1.2 spray gun cleaning;
10.1.1.3 flush cleaning;
10.1.1.4 primer, topcoat, self-priming topcoat, and specialty coating application;
10.1.1.5 the depainting of the outer surface of aerospace vehicles (except for depainting parts or units normally removed during depainting);
10.1.1.6 Type I or Type II chemical milling maskant application; and
10.1.1.7 VOC handling and storage.
10.1.2 Except for the requirements in 10.3.8 of this regualtion, 10.0 of this regulation does not apply to the following operations in any aerospace manufacturing or rework facility:
10.1.2.1 Chemical milling;
10.1.2.2 Metal finishing;
10.1.2.3 Electrodeposition (except for the electrodeposition of paints); and
10.1.2.4 Composite processing operations (except for cleaning and coating of composite parts or components that become part of an Aerospace vehicle or component as well as composite tooling that comes in contact with such composite parts or components prior to cure).
10.1.3 The requirements of 10.0 of this regulation do not apply to aerospace manufacturing or rework facilities whose plant-wide, actual emissions from the operations in 10.1.1 of this regulation without control devices are less than 6.8 kilograms (kg) (15 pounds [lbs]) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) per day.
10.1.4 Existing sources affected by 10.0 of this regulation shall comply with the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation on and after the effective date of 10.0 of this regulation, except for the requirements of 10.3.6.2 and 10.3.7 of this regulation. Existing sources affected by 10.0 of this regulation shall comply with the requirements of 10.3.6.2 and 10.3.7 of this regulation beginning as soon as practical, but no later than the date one year after the effective date of 10.0 of this regulation. New, modified, or reconstructed sources affected by 10.0 of this regulation shall comply with the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation on and after startup. Not withstanding 1.5 of this regulation, any owner or operator currently permitted under 7 DE Admin. Code 1102 or 1130, or both 1102 and 1130 to operate an aerospace manufacturing or rework facility shall submit to the Department an application to amend the current permit and to comply with the provisions of this Section, pursuant to 7 DE Admin. Code 1102 or 1130, or both 1102 and 1130, as applicable.
10.1.5 Any facility that becomes or is currently subject to the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation by exceeding the applicability threshold in 10.1.3 of this regulation shall remain subject to these provisions even if its emissions later fall below the applicability threshold.
10.1.6 Any facility that is currently subject to a state or federal rule promulgated pursuant to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 by exceeding an applicability threshold is and shall remain subject to these provisions, even if its throughput or emissions later fall below the applicability threshold.
10.2 Definitions. As used in 10.0 of this regulation, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the November 15, 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA), or in 2.0 of this regulation of the State of Delaware “Regulations Governing the Control of Air Pollution.”
“Ablative coating” means a specialty coating that chars when exposed to open flame or extreme temperatures, as would occur during the failure of an engine casing or during aerodynamic heating. The ablative char surface serves as an insulation barrier, protecting adjacent components from the heat or open flame.
“Adhesion promoter” means a very thin specialty coating applied to a substrate to promote wetting and form a chemical bond with the subsequently applied material.
“Adhesive bonding” means the joining together of two or more metal parts, such as the parts of a honeycomb core. The surfaces to be bonded are first coated with an adhesive bonding primer to promote adhesion and protect from subsequent corrosion. Structural adhesives are applied as either a thin film or as a paste, and can be oven cured or cured in an autoclave.
“Adhesive bonding primer” means a specialty coating that is applied in a thin film to aerospace components for the purpose of corrosion inhibition and increased adhesive bond strength by attachment. There are two categories of adhesive bonding primers: primers with a design cure at 250oF or below and primers with a design cure above 250oF.
“Aerospace manufacturing or rework facility” means a commercial, civil, or military facility that produces in any amount an aerospace vehicle or component, or a commercial, civil, or military facility that reworks (or repairs) any aerospace vehicle or component.
“Aerospace vehicle or component” means any fabricated part, processed part, assembly of parts, or completed unit of any aircraft including, but not limited to, airplanes, helicopters, missiles, rockets, and space vehicles.
“Aircraft fluid system” means those systems that handle hydraulic fluids, fuel, cooling fluids, or oils.
“Aircraft transparency” means the aircraft windshield, canopy, passenger windows, lenses and other components that are constructed of transparent materials.
“Antichafe coating” means a coating applied to areas of moving aerospace components that may rub during normal operations or installation.
“Bearing coating” means a specialty coating applied to an antifriction bearing, a bearing housing, or the area adjacent to such a bearing in order to facilitate bearing function or to protect base material from excessive wear. A material shall not be classified as a bearing coating if it can also be classified as a dry lubricative material or a solid film lubricant.
“Bonding maskant” means a temporary specialty coating used to protect selected areas of aerospace parts from strong acid or alkaline solutions during processing for bonding.
“Brush coating” means the application of a coating material to a substrate by means of a brush (this technique is commonly used for touch-up and maskant operations).
“Caulking and smoothing compounds” means semi-solid specialty coating materials which are applied by hand application methods and are used to aerodynamically smooth exterior vehicle surfaces or fill cavities such as bolt hole accesses. A material shall not be classified as a caulking and smoothing compound if it can also be classified as a sealant.
“Chemical agent-resistant coating (CARC)” means an exterior topcoat; specialty coating designed to withstand exposure to chemical warfare agents or the decontaminants used on these agents.
“Chemical milling” means a process used to reduce the thickness of selected areas of metal parts in order to reduce weight by submerging the metal parts in an etchant.
“Chemical milling maskant” means a coating that is applied directly to aluminum components to protect surface areas when chemically milling the component with a Type I or II etchant. Type I chemical milling maskants are used with a Type I etchant and Type II chemical milling maskants are used with a Type II etchant. This definition does not include bonding maskants, critical use and line sealer maskants, and seal coat maskants. Additionally, maskants that must be used with a combination of Type I or II etchants and any of the above types of maskants (i.e., bonding, critical use and line sealer, and seal coat) are not included.
“Chemical milling maskant application” means the use of spray equipment or a dip tank to apply a Chemical milling maskant, prior to chemically milling the component with a Type I or II etchant.
“Cleaning operation” means collectively spray gun, hand-wipe, and flush cleaning operations.
“Cleaning solvent” means a liquid VOC containing material used for hand-wipe, spray gun, or flush cleaning.
“Clear coating” means a transparent coating applied to any substrate.
“Coating” means a material that is applied to the surface of an aerospace vehicle or component to form a decorative, protective, or functional solid film, or the solid film itself.
“Coating operation” means the use of a spray booth, tank, or other enclosure or area, such as a hangar, for the application of a single type of coating (e.g., primer). The use of the same spray booth for the application of another type of coating (e.g., topcoat) constitutes a separate coating operation for which compliance determinations are performed separately.
“Commercial exterior aerodynamic structure primer” means a specialty coating primer used on aerodynamic components and structures that protrude from the fuselage, such as wings and attached components, control surfaces, horizontal stabilizers, vertical fins, wing-to-body fairings, antennae, and landing gear and doors, for the purpose of extended corrosion protection and enhanced adhesion.
“Commercial interior adhesive” means specialty coating materials used in the bonding of passenger cabin interior components that meet the FAA fireworthiness requirements.
“Compatible substrate primer” means a specialty coating that is either a compatible epoxy primer or an adhesive primer. Compatible epoxy primer is primer that is compatible with the filled elastomeric coating and is epoxy based. The compatible substrate primer is an epoxy-polyamide primer used to promote adhesion of elastomeric coatings such as impact-resistant coatings. Adhesive primer is a coating that (1) inhibits corrosion and serves as a primer applied to bare metal surfaces or prior to adhesive application, or (2) is applied to surfaces that can be expected to contain fuel. Fuel tank coatings are excluded from this category.
“Composite processing operations” include layup, thermal forming, debulking, curing, break-out, compression molding, and injection molding. Layup means the process of assembling the layers of the composite structure by positioning composite material in a mold and impregnating the material with a resin. Thermal forming means the process of forming the layup in a mold, which usually takes place in an autoclave. Debulking means the simultaneous application of low-level heat and pressure to the composite structure to force out excess resin, trapped air, vapor, and volatiles from between the layers of the composite structure. Curing means the process of changing the resin into a solid material through a polymerization reaction. Break-out means the removal of the composite structure from the mold or curing fixtures. Compression molding means the process of filling one half of molds with a molding compound, closing the mold, and applying heat and pressure until the material is cured. Injection molding means the use of a closed mold, where the molding compound is injected into the mold, maintained under pressure, and then cured by applying heat.
“Corrosion prevention system” means a coating system that provides corrosion protection by displacing water and penetrating mating surfaces, forming a protective barrier between the metal surface and moisture. Coatings containing oils or waxes are excluded from this category.
“Critical use line and sealer maskant” means a temporary specialty coating, not covered under other maskant categories, used to protect selected areas of aerospace parts from strong acid or alkaline solutions such as those used in anodizing, plating, chemical milling and processing of magnesium, titanium, or high-strength steel, high-precision aluminum chemical milling of deep cuts, and aluminum chemical milling of complex shapes. Materials used for repairs or to bridge gaps left by scribing operations (i.e., line sealer) are also included in this category.
“Cryogenic flexible primer” means a specialty coating primer designed to provide corrosion resistance, flexibility, and adhesion of subsequent coating systems when exposed to loads up to and surpassing the yield point of the substrate at cryogenic temperatures (-275oF and below).
“Cryoprotective coating” means a specialty coating that insulates cryogenic or subcooled surfaces to limit propellant boil-off, maintain structural integrity of metallic structures during ascent or re-entry, and prevent ice formation.
“Cyanoacrylate adhesive” means a fast-setting, single component specialty coating adhesive that cures at room temperature. Also known as “super glue.”
“Depainting” means the removal of any coating from the outer surface of an aerospace vehicle or component by either chemical or non-chemical means.
“Depainting operation” means the use of a chemical agent, media blasting, or any other technique to remove coatings from the outer surface of aerospace vehicles or components. The depainting operation includes washing of the aerospace vehicle or component to remove residual stripper and coating residue.
“Dip coating” means the application of a coating material to a substrate by dipping the part into a tank of the coating material.
“Dry lubricative material” means a specialty coating consisting of lauric acid, cetyl alcohol, waxes, or other noncross linked or resin-bound materials that act as a dry lubricant.
“Electric or radiation-effect coating” means a specialty coating or coating system engineered to interact, through absorption or reflection, with specific regions of the electromagnetic energy spectrum, such as the ultraviolet, visible, infrared, or microwave regions. Uses include, but are not limited to, lightning strike protection, electromagnetic pulse (EMP) protection, and radar avoidance. Coatings that have been designated as “classified” by the Department of Defense are exempt.
“Electrodeposition” means an additive process for metal substrates in which another metal layer is added to the substrate in order to enhance corrosion and wear resistance necessary for the successful performance of the component. The two types of electrodeposition typically used are electroplating and plasma arc spraying.
“Electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference (EMI) coating” means a specialty coating applied to space vehicles, missiles, aircraft radomes, and helicopter blades to disperse static energy or reduce electromagnetic interference.
“Electrostatic spray” means a method of applying a spray coating in which opposite electrical charges are applied to the substrate and the coating. The coating is attracted to the substrate by the electrostatic potential between them.
“Elevated-temperature Skydrol-resistant commercial primer” means a specialty coating primer applied primarily to commercial aircraft (or commercial aircraft adapted for military use) that must withstand immersion in phosphate-ester (PE) hydraulic fluid (Skydrol 500b or equivalent) at the elevated temperature of 150oF for 1,000 hours.
“Epoxy polyamide topcoat” means a specialty coating used where harder films are required or where engraving is accomplished in camouflage colors.
“Etchant” means a chemical used to mill a part or subassembly (e.g., sodium hydroxide for aluminum parts).
“Exempt solvent” means an organic compound that has been determined to have negligible photochemical reactivity, as specified, and is defined in 2.0 of this regulation under “exempt compounds.”
“Fire-resistant (interior) coating” means for civilian aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings used on passenger cabin interior parts that are subject to the FAA fire worthiness requirements. For military aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings mean coatings that are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of MIL-STD-1630A and MIL-A-87721. For space applications, fireresistant interior coatings means coatings that are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of SE-R-0006 and SSP 30233.
“Flexible primer” means a specialty coating primer that meets flexibility requirements such as those needed for adhesive bond primed fastener heads or on surfaces expected to contain fuel. The flexible coating is required because it provides a compatible, flexible substrate over bonded sheet rubber and rubber-type coatings as well as a flexible bridge between the fasteners, skin, and skin-to-skin joints on outer aircraft skins. This flexible bridge allows more topcoat flexibility around fasteners and decreases the chance of the topcoat cracking around the fasteners. The result is better corrosion resistance.
“Flow coating” means the application of a coating material to a substrate by pouring the coating over the suspended part.
“Flush cleaning” means the cleaning of an aerospace vehicle or component by passing solvent over, into, or through the vehicle or component. The solvent may simply be poured into the vehicle or component and then drained, or assisted by air or hydraulic pressure, or by pumping. Hand-wipe cleaning operations where wiping, scrubbing, mopping, or other hand action is used are not flush cleaning operations.
“Formulation” means a specific coating made by a specific manufacturer. Each different color of a specific coating is considered a separate formulation.
“Fuel tank adhesive” means a specialty coating adhesive used to bond components exposed to fuel which shall be compatible with fuel tank coatings.
“Fuel tank coating” means a specialty coating applied to fuel tank components for the purpose of corrosion or bacterial growth inhibition, and to assure sealant adhesion in extreme environmental conditions.
“Hand-wipe cleaning operation” means the removal of contaminants such as dirt, grease, oil, and coatings from aerospace vehicles or components by physically rubbing them with a material such as a rag, paper, or cotton swab that has been moistened with a cleaning solvent.
“High temperature coating” means a specialty coating designed to withstand temperatures of more than 350oF.
“High volume low pressure (HVLP) spray equipment” means spray equipment that is used to apply coatings using a spray gun that operates at equal to or less than 10.0 psig of atomized air pressure at the air cap.
“Insulation covering” means a specialty coating material that is applied to foam insulation to protect the insulation from mechanical or environmental damage.
“Intermediate release coating” means a thin specialty coating applied beneath topcoats to assist in removing the topcoat in depainting operations, which generally allows the use of less hazardous depainting methods.
“Lacquer” means a clear or pigmented specialty coating formulated with a nitrocellulose or synthetic resin to dry by evaporation without a chemical reaction. Lacquers are resoluble in their original solvent.
“Leak” means any visible leakage, including misting and clouding.
“Limited access space” means internal surfaces or passages of an aerospace vehicle or component that cannot be reached for the application of coatings without the aid of an airbrush or a spray gun extension.
“Metal finishing” means conversion coating, anodizing, desmutting, descaling, and any operation that chemically affect the surface layer of a part, and is used to prepare the surface of a part for better adhesion, improved surface hardness, and improved corrosion resistance.
“Metalized epoxy coating” means a specialty coating that contains relatively large quantities of metallic pigmentation for appearance or added protection.
“Mold release” means a specialty coating applied to a mold surface to prevent the molded piece from sticking to the mold as it is removed.
“Non-chemical-based depainting equipment” means any depainting equipment or technique that does not rely on a chemical stripper to depaint an aerospace vehicle or component (e.g., media blasting equipment).
“Nonstructural adhesive” means a specialty coating adhesive that bonds nonload bearing aerospace components in noncritical applications and is not covered in any other specialty adhesive categories.
“Optical anti-reflective coating” means a coating with a low reflectance in the infrared and invisible wavelength ranges that is used for anti-reflection on or near optical and laser hardware.
“Part marking coating” means a specialty coating or ink used to make identifying markings on materials, components, or assemblies. These markings may be either permanent or temporary.
“Pretreatment coating” means an organic specialty coating that contains at least 0.5% acids by weight and is applied directly to metal or composite surfaces to provide surface etching, corrosion resistance, adhesion, and ease of stripping.
“Primer” means the first layer and any subsequent layers of identically formulated coating applied to the surface of an aerospace vehicle or component. Primers are typically used for corrosion prevention, environment protection, functional fluid resistance, and adhesion promotion of subsequent coatings. Primers that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition.
“Radome” means the non-metallic protective housing for electromagnetic transmitters and receivers (e.g., radar, electronic countermeasures, etc.).
“Rain erosion-resistant coating” means a specialty coating or coating system used to protect the leading edges of parts such as flaps, stabilizers, radomes, engine inlet nacelles, etc. against erosion caused by rain impact during flight.
“Research and development” means an operation whose primary purpose is for research and development of new processes and products and that is conducted under the close supervision of technically trained personnel and is not involved in the manufacture of final or intermediate products for commercial purposes, except in a de minimis manner.
“Rocket motor bonding adhesive” means a specialty coating adhesive used in rocket motor bonding applications.
“Rocket motor nozzle coating” means a catalyzed epoxy specialty coating system used in elevated temperature applications on rocket motor nozzles.
“Rubber-based adhesive” means a quick setting, specialty coating contact cement that provides a strong, yet flexible bond between two mating surfaces that may be of dissimilar materials.
“Scale inhibitor” means a specialty coating that is applied to the surface of a part prior to thermal processing to inhibit the formation of scale.
“Screen print ink” means a specialty coating ink used in screen printing processes during fabrication of decorative laminates and decals.
“Sealant” means a specialty coating material used to prevent the intrusion of water, fuel, air, or other liquids or solids from certain areas of aerospace vehicles or components. There are two categories of sealants: extrudable/rollable/brushable sealants and sprayable sealants.
“Seal coat maskant” means a specialty coating overcoat applied over a maskant to improve abrasion and chemical resistance during production operations.
“Self-priming topcoat” means a coating that is applied directly to an Aerospace vehicle or component for purposes of corrosion protection, environmental protection, and functional fluid resistance and that is not subsequently topcoated. More than one layer of identical coating formulation may be applied to the aerospace vehicle or component. Self-priming topcoats that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition.
“Silicone insulation material” means an insulating specialty coating material applied to exterior metal surfaces for protection from high temperatures caused by atmospheric friction or engine exhaust. These materials differ from ablative coatings in that they are not “sacrificial.”
“Solids” means the nonvolatile portion of the coating that after drying makes up the dry film.
“Solid film lubricant” means a very thin specialty coating consisting of a binder system containing as its main pigment material one or more of the following: molybdenum, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or other solids that act as a dry lubricant between faying (i.e., closely or tightly fitting) surfaces.
“Space vehicle” means a man-made device, either manned or unmanned, designed for operation prototypes, molds, jigs, tooling, hardware jackets, and test coupons. Also included is auxiliary equipment associated with test, transport, and storage that through contamination can compromise the space vehicle performance.
“Specialty coating” means a coating that, even though it meets the definition of a primer, topcoat, or self-priming topcoat, has additional performance criteria beyond those of primers, topcoats, and selfpriming topcoats for specific applications. These performance criteria may include, but are not limited to, temperature or fire resistance, substrate compatibility, antireflection, temporary protection or marking, sealing, adhesively joining substrates, or enhanced corrosion protection. A specialty coating is any coating listed in Table 10-1 of this regulation and defined in 10.2 of this regulation.
“Specialized function coating” means a specialty coating that fulfills extremely specific engineering requirements that are limited in application and are characterized by low volume usage. This category excludes coatings covered in other Specialty Coating categories.
“Spray gun” means a device that uses air pressure or air flow to atomize a coating or other material,
“Stripper” means a liquid that is applied to an aerospace vehicle or component to remove primer, topcoat, self-priming topcoat, or coating residue.
“Structural autoclavable adhesive” means a specialty coating adhesive used to bond load-carrying aerospace components that are cured by heat and pressure in an autoclave.
“Structural nonautoclavable adhesive” means a specialty coating adhesive cured under ambient conditions that is used to bond load-carrying aerospace components or other critical functions, such as nonstructural bonding in the proximity of engines.
“Surface preparation” means the removal of contaminants from the surface of an aerospace vehicle or component, or the activation or reactivation of the surface in preparation for the application of a coating.
“Temporary protective coating” means a specialty coating applied to provide scratch or corrosion protection during manufacturing, storage, or transportation. Two types include peelable protective coatings and alkaline removable coatings. These materials are not intended to protect against strong acid or alkaline solutions. Coatings that provide this type of protection from chemical processing are not included in this category.
“Thermal control coating” means a specialty coating formulated with specific thermal conductive or radiative properties to permit temperature control of the substrate.
“Topcoat” means a coating that is applied over a primer on an aerospace vehicle or component for appearance, identification, camouflage, or protection. Topcoats that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition.
“Touch-up and repair coating” means a coating used to cover minor coating imperfections appearing after the main coating operation.
“Touch-up and repair operation” means that portion of the coating operation that is the incidental application of coating used to cover minor imperfections in the coating finish or to achieve complete coverage. This definition includes out-of-sequence or out-of-cycle coating. Touch-up and repairoperations are not to exceed an area of 4 square feet per aerospace vehicle.
“Type II etchant” or “Type II chemical milling etchant” means a Chemical milling etchant that is a strong sodium hydroxide solution containing amines (Type I etchants do not contain amines).
“Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)” means any compound defined as VOC in 2.0 of this regulation - Definitions.
“VOC composite vapor pressure” means the sum of the partial pressures of the compounds defined as VOCs and is determined by the following calculation:
(10-1)
where
Wi = Weight of the ith VOC compound, grams
Ww = Weight of water, grams
We = Weight of nonwater, non-VOC compound, grams
MWi = Molecular weight of the ith VOC compound, g/g-mole
MWw = Molecular weight of water, g/g-mole
MWe = Molecular weight of exempt compound, g/g-mole
PPc = VOC composite partial pressure at 20oC, mm Hg
VPi = Vapor pressure of the ith VOC compound at 20oC, mm Hg
“Wet fastener installation coating” means a specialty coating primer or sealant applied by dipping, brushing, or daubing to fasteners that are installed before the coating is cured.
“Wing coating” means a corrosion-resistant specialty coating topcoat that is resilient enough to withstand the flexing of the wings.
10.3 Standards
10.3.1 Hand-Wipe Cleaning Operations
10.3.1.1 Except as exempted in 10.3.1.2 of this regulation, no person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the use of any cleaning solvent in any hand-wipe cleaning operation that does not comply with one of the following limits:
10.3.1.1.1 VOC composite vapor pressure should be less than 45 millimeters (mm) mercury (Hg) (1.8 inches [in] Hg) at 20 degrees Celsius (°C) (68 degrees Fahrenheit [°F]).
10.3.1.1.2 Cleaning solvent shall be an aqueous cleaning solvent (i.e., a solvent in which water is at least 80% of the solvent, as applied).
10.3.1.2 The requirements of 10.3.1.1 of this regulation shall not apply to the following hand-wipe cleaning operations:
10.3.1.2.1 Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, maintenance, or testing of components of breathing oxygen systems that are exposed to the breathing oxygen.
10.3.1.2.2 Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, maintenance, or testing of parts, subassemblies, or assemblies that are exposed to strong oxidizers or reducers (e.g., nitrogen tetroxide, liquid oxygen, and hydrazine).
10.3.1.2.3 Cleaning and surface activation prior to adhesive bonding.
10.3.1.2.4 Cleaning of electronics and assemblies containing electronics.
10.3.1.2.5 Cleaning of aircraft fluid system and ground support equipment fluid systems that are exposed to the fluid, including air-to-air heat exchangers and hydraulic fluid systems.
10.3.1.2.6 Cleaning of fuel cells, fuel tanks, and limited-access spaces.
10.3.1.2.7 Surface cleaning of solar cells, coated optics, and thermal control surfaces.
10.3.1.2.8 Cleaning during fabrication, assembly, installation, and maintenance of upholstery, curtains, carpet, and other textile materials used on the interior of the aircraft.
10.3.1.2.9 Cleaning of metallic and non-metallic materials used in honeycomb cores during the manufacture or maintenance of these cores, and cleaning of the completed cores used in the manufacture of aerospace vehicles or components.
10.3.1.2.10 Cleaning of aircraft transparencies.
10.3.1.2.11 Cleaning associated with research and development, quality control, and laboratory testing.
10.3.2 Spray Gun Cleaning Operations
10.3.2.1 No person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the use of any spray gun cleaning techniques that does not comply with one of the following:
10.3.2.1.1 Use of an enclosed spray gun cleaning system that is kept closed when not in use.
10.3.2.1.2 Non-atomized discharge of solvent into a waste container that is kept closed when not in use.
10.3.2.1.3 Disassembly of the spray gun and placing the parts for cleaning in a vat that is kept closed when not in use.
10.3.2.1.4 Atomized spray into a waste container that is fitted with a device that captures atomized solvent emissions.
10.3.2.1.5 Any alternative technique that has been demonstrated to, and accepted by the Department as producing emissions that are equal to or less than the emissions from the techniques specified in 10.3.2.1.1 through 10.3.2.1.4 of this regulation. Emissions from any alternative technique shall be demonstrated pursuant to test protocols that are approved in advance by the Department.
10.3.2.2 Any enclosed spray gun cleaner shall be visually inspected for leaks at least once per month. Such inspection shall occur while the enclosed spray gun cleaner is in operation.
10.3.2.3 Leaks from any enclosed spray gun cleaner shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 days from when the leak is first discovered.
10.3.2.4 If any leak is not repaired by the 15th day after detection, the solvent shall be removed and the enclosed cleaner shall be shut down until the leak is repaired.
10.3.3 Flush Cleaning. Any cleaning solvents used during flush cleaning operations shall be handled pursuant to 10.3.8 of this regulation.
10.3.4 Primer, Topcoat, and Self-Priming Topcoat Application.
10.3.4.1 Except as provided for in 10.3.4.2, 10.4 and 10.5 of this regulation, no person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the application of any primer, topcoat, or self-priming topcoat with a VOC content that does not comply with the following limits:
10.3.4.1.1 Primers shall have a VOC content equal to or less than 350 g/L (2.9 lb/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds.
10.3.4.1.2 Topcoats and self-priming topcoats shall have a VOC content equal to or less than 420 g/L (3.5 lb/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds.
10.3.4.2 The requirements of 10.3.4.1.2 of this regulation shall not apply to facilities that use less than 50 gallons per consecutive rolling 12-month period of a particular formulation of topcoat, or self-priming topcoat provided:
10.3.4.2.1 Each topcoat and self-priming topcoat shall have a VOC content equal to or less than 720 g/L (6.0 lb/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds.
10.3.4.2.2 A total of not more than 200 gallons per consecutive rolling 12-month period of all such high VOC coatings are used at the facility.
10.3.4.3 Except as provided for in 10.3.4.4 of this regulation, no person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the use of any application technique to apply any primer, topcoat, or self-priming topcoat other than the following:
10.3.4.3.1 flow/curtain coat, roll coat, brush coat, dip coat, cotton-tip swab application, electrostatic spray, electrodeposition, or high volume low pressure (HVLP) spray guns;
10.3.4.3.2 Any alternate technique that has been demonstrated to and accepted by the Department as providing emissions that are less than or equal to the emissions from HVLP or electrostatic spray application techniques. Emissions from any alternate techniques shall be demonstrated pursuant to test protocols that are approved in advance by the Department. Such tests shall, at a minimum, compare the emission levels determined using an initial 90-day period of HVLP or electrostatic spray attraction techniques with the emission levels determined using the alternate technique for a period of time necessary to coat the equivalent amount of parts with the same coatings.
10.3.4.4 The equipment standards and application techniques in 10.3.4.3 of this regulation shall not apply to the following primer, topcoat and self-priming topcoat application operations:
10.3.4.4.1 The application of coatings in any limited access space.
10.3.4.4.2 The application of coatings that contain fillers that adversely affect atomization with HVLP spray guns and cannot be applied by any of the application techniques specified in 10.3.4.3 of this regulation.
10.3.4.4.3 The application of coatings that normally have a dried film thickness of less than 0.0005 inches and cannot be applied by any of the application techniques specified in 10.3.4.3 of this regulation.
10.3.4.4.4 The use of airbrush application methods for stenciling, lettering, and other identification markings.
10.3.4.4.5 Any touch-up and repair operation.
10.3.4.5 All application equipment shall be operated according to the manufacturer's specifications at all times, even if it is exempt from the equipment standards specified in 10.3.4.3 of this regulation.
10.3.5 Depainting Operation. No person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the use of any stripper that does not comply with one of the following limits:
10.3.5.1 VOC composite vapor pressure shall be less than 10 mm Hg (0.4 in. Hg) at 20°C (68°F).
10.3.5.2 VOC content shall be less than 400 g/L (3.3 lb/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds.
10.3.6 Chemical Milling Maskant Application. Except as provided for in 10.4 or 10.5 of this regulation, no person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the application of any chemical milling maskant with a VOC content that does not comply with the following emission limits:
10.3.6.1 For any Type I maskant, VOC content shall be equal to or less than 622 g/L (5.2 lbs/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds; or
10.3.6.2 For any Type II maskant, VOC content shall be equal to or less than 160 g/L (1.3 lbs/gal), as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds.
10.3.7 Specialty Coatings. Except as provided for in 10.4 or 10.5 of this regulation, no person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall cause or allow the application of any specialty coating that has a VOC content, as applied, excluding water and exempt compounds, that is greater than the limits specified in Table 10-1 of this regulation:
Table 10-1. VOC Content Limits for Specialty Coatings (g/L)a | |||
Coating Type |
Limit |
Coating Type |
Limit |
|
Ablative Coating |
600 |
Flight-Test Coatings: Missile of Single Use Aircraft All other |
420 840 |
Adhesives: |
Fuel-Tank Coating |
720 | |
Commercial Interior Adhesive |
760 |
High-Temperature Coating |
850 |
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive |
1,020 |
Insulation Covering |
740 |
Fuel Tank Adhesive |
620 |
Intermediate Release Coating |
750 |
Nonstructural Adhesive |
360 |
Lacquer |
830 |
Rocket Motor Bonding Adhesive |
890 |
Maskants (excluding Type I and Type II): |
|
Rubber-based Adhesive |
850 |
Bonding maskant |
1,230 |
Structural Autoclavable Adhesive |
60 |
Critical Use and Line Sealer Maskant |
1,020 |
Structural Nonautoclavable Adhesive |
850 |
Seal Coat Maskant |
1,230 |
Adhesion Promoter |
890 |
Metalized Epoxy Coating |
740 |
Adhesive Bonding Primers: Cured at 250oF or below Cured above 250oF |
850 1,030 |
Mold Release |
780 |
Antichafe Coating |
660 |
Optical Anti-Reflective Coating |
750 |
Bearing Coating |
620 |
Part Marking Coating |
850 |
Caulking and Smoothing Compounds |
850 |
Pretreatment Coating |
780 |
Chemical Agent-Resistant Coating |
550 |
Rain Erosion-Resistant Coating |
850 |
Clear Coating |
720 |
Rocket Motor Nozzle Coating |
660 |
Commercial Exterior Aerodynamic Structure Primer |
650 |
Scale Inhibitor |
880 |
Compatible Substrate Primer |
780 |
Screen Print Ink |
840 |
Corrosion Prevention Compound |
710 |
Sealants: Extrudable/Rollable/Brushable Sealant Sprayable Sealant |
280 600 |
Cryogenic Flexible Primer |
645 |
Silicone Insulation Material |
850 |
Cryoprotective Coating |
600 |
Solid Film Lubricant |
880 |
Dry Lubricative Material |
880 |
Specialized Function Coating |
890 |
Electric or Radiation-Effect Coating |
800 |
Temporary Protective Coating |
320 |
Electrostatic Discharge and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Coating |
800 |
Thermal Control Coating |
800 |
Elevated-Temperature Skydrol-Resistant Commercial Primer |
740 |
Wet Fastener Installation Coating |
675 |
Epoxy Polyamide Topcoat |
660 |
Wing Coating |
850 |
Fire-Resistant (interior) Coating |
800 |
||
Flexible Primer |
640 |
||
a Coating limits expressed in terms of mass (grams) of VOC per volume (liters) of coating less water and less exempt solvent. To convert from g/L to lbs/gallon multiply by 0.00835.
10.3.8 VOC Handling and Storage.
10.3.8.1 Except as provided in 10.3.8.2 of this regulation, any person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall use good house keeping measures when handling any VOC and any VOC-containing material at the facility. Such measures shall include:
10.3.8.1.1 Handling and transferring all fresh and spent cleaning solvent and other VOC-containing material to or from any container, tank, vat, vessel, or piping system, etc. in such a manner that minimizes losses.
10.3.8.1.2 All fresh and spent solvents and VOC-containing material shall be stored in closed containers at all times except during filling or emptying.
10.3.8.1.3 All solvent-laden cloths, papers, or other absorbent materials shall be placed in closed containers immediately after use.
10.3.8.2 The requirements in 10.3.8.1 of this regulation shall not apply to wastes that are determined to be hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (PL 94-580) (RCRA), as implemented by 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 260 and 261, and that are subject to RCRA requirements, as implemented in 40 CFR Parts 262 through 268.
10.4 Daily-Weighted Average Limitations. As an alternative to complying with the individual limits specified in 10.3.4.1.1, 10.3.4.1.2, 10.3.6.1, 10.3.6.2 and 10.3.7 of this regulation, coatings in any primer, topcoat, chemical milling maskant, or specialty coating application operation shall not be applied at the facility whose daily-weighted average VOC content, calculated in accordance with the procedure specified in Appendix C of this regulation and the provisions listed below, exceeds the applicable emission limits in 10.3.4.1.1, 10.3.4.1.2, 10.3.6.1, 10.3.6.2 and 10.3.7 of this regulation, as applicable.
10.4.1 Averaging between primers, topcoats, self-priming topcoats, chemical milling maskants or specialty coatings is prohibited.
10.4.2 Averaging between coatings used in operations where air emissions are not captured and controlled and coatings used in operations where air emissions are captured and controlled is prohibited.
10.5 Control Devices.
10.5.1 As an alternative to complying with the individual limits specified in 10.3.4.1.1, 10.3.4.1.2, 10.3.6.1, 10.3.6.2 and 10.3.7 of this regulation, any person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall, for any primer, topcoat, self-priming topcoat, chemical milling maskant, or specialty coating application operation:
10.5.1.1 Install, test, calibrate, operate, maintain, and monitor according to the manufacturer’s specifications, as approved by the Department, an air pollution control device consisting of a capture and control system on that operation; and
10.5.1.2 Demonstrate that the overall emission reduction efficiency achieved is equal to or greater than 81 weight %.
10.5.2 The procedures in Appendix D and Appendix E of this regulation shall be used to demonstrate compliance with 10.5.1.2 of this regulation. The method in Appendix I of this regulation may be used to determine an alternative multi-day rolling period when calculating the efficiency of any carbon absorption system.
10.6 Test Methods.
10.6.1 The VOC composite vapor pressure specified in 10.3.1.1.1 and 10.3.5.1 of this regulation shall be determined either by using ASTM Method E 260-91, manufacturer’s supplied data, or standard engineering reference text values.
10.6.2 The water content specified in 10.3.1.1.2 of this regulation shall be determined using the test methods found in Appendix A and Appendix B of this regulation.
10.6.3 The VOC content specified in 10.3.4.1.1 and 10.3.4.1.2 of this regulation shall be determined by using the test method found in Appendix A and Appendix B of this regulation.
10.7 Recordkeeping. Any person subject to 10.0 of this regulation shall maintain at the facility for a minimum period of 5 years from the information’s date of record, all of the following information. Such information shall be immediately submitted to the Department upon written or verbal request.
10.7.1 For any person subject to the requirements of 10.3.1 of this regulation (i.e., hand-wipe cleaning operations):
10.7.1.1 Identification of each hand-wipe cleaning solvent used at the facility;
10.7.1.2 The composite vapor pressure of each hand-wipe cleaning solvent complying with 10.3.1.1.1 of this regulation, and all supporting documentation, to include any test reports or calculations.
10.7.1.3 The water content of each hand-wipe cleaning solvent complying with 10.3.1.1.2 of this regulation, and all supporting documentation, to include any test reports or calculations.
10.7.1.4 Identification of each hand-wipe cleaning solvent used at the facility pursuant to 10.3.1.2 of this regulation, and a list of the parts, assemblies, or subassemblies cleaned with each such hand-wipe cleaning solvent.
10.7.2 For any person subject to 10.3.2 of this regulation (i.e., spray gun cleaning):
10.7.2.1 A description of each method used to clean spray guns.
10.7.2.2 Records of the inspections conducted pursuant to 10.3.2.2 of this regulation.
10.7.2.3 For any leak found pursuant to 10.3.2.2 of this regulation, records indicating the source of the leak, the date the leak was discovered, and the date the leak was repaired.
10.7.3 For any person subject to 10.3.4 of this regulation (i.e., primer, topcoat, and self-priming topcoat application):
10.7.3.1 For each coating applied pursuant to 10.3.4.2 of this regulation.
10.7.3.1.1 Not later than the 5th day of each month, identification of each coating used at the facility pursuant to 10.3.4.2 of this regulation during the preceding month.
10.7.3.1.2 The volume used of each coating identified in 10.7.3.1.1 of this regulation.
10.7.3.1.3 The summation of the volumes recorded pursuant to 10.7.3.1.2 of this regulation for the preceding 12 months.
10.7.3.1.4 The records required by 4.5 of this regulation.
10.7.3.2 A description of the proper operation of all coating application equipment used at the facility.
10.7.3.3 Documentation associated with any alternate coating application techniques approved pursuant to 10.3.4.3.2 of this regulation.
10.7.4 For any person subject to 10.3.4, 10.3.6 and 10.3.8 of this regulation (i.e., primer, topcoat, self-priming topcoat, chemical milling maskant, and specialty coating application):
10.7.4.1 Identification of the control strategy employed (i.e., the combination of complying coatings, daily-weighted averaging, and control devices used at the facility).
10.7.4.2 Where complying coatings are used, the records required by 4.3 of this regulation.
10.7.4.3 Where daily-weighted averaging pursuant to 10.4 of this regulation is used, the records required by 4.4 of this regulation.
10.7.4.4 Where a control device or devices pursuant to 10.5 of this regulation is used, the records required by 4.5 of this regulation.
10.7.5 For any person subject to 10.3.5 of this regulation:
10.7.5.1 If complying with 10.3.5.1 of this regulation, the name, VOC composite vapor pressure, and method and supporting documentation used to determine the VOC composite vapor pressure of each stripper used at the facility.
10.7.5.2 If complying with 10.3.5.2 of this regulation, the name, VOC content, and method and supporting documentation used to determine the VOC content of each stripper used at the facility.
10.7.5.3 A description of any non-chemical-based depainting equipment used at the facility, to include the name and type of equipment or technique.
10.7.5.4 Records and a description of all malfunctions of non-chemical-based depainting equipment used at the facility, to include the dates and alternative depainting method or methods used.
10.7.5.5 A list of any parts, assemblies, or subassemblies normally removed during depainting operations.
10.7.6 For any person subject to 10.3.8 of this regulation, a description of the procedures used to ensure that containers are kept closed when not in use and that solvents and other VOC-containing materials are stored in closed containers.
10.8 Reporting. Notification of any non-compliance with any requirement of this Section shall be reported to the Department in accordance with 4.0 and 5.0 of this regulation, as applicable and any other applicable Federal or State reporting requirements.
